SEARCHCROSS-SECTIONALophthalmology, nutrition

cross-sectional·ophthalmology, nutrition, dietetics, epidemiology, public health·PMC10176739

Oral pathology and overweight among pupils in government primary schools in Cameroon: a cross-sectional study

BMC Oral Health · 3 authors, 2 centres

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TL;DR

This cross-sectional study assessed oral pathologies and overweight in 650 primary school pupils in Yaounde, Cameroon.

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A cross-sectional study was conducted from June to August 2020 among 650 pupils aged 6 to 11 years in four government primary schools in Yaounde, Cameroon. Data on anthropometrics, oral pathologies, oral hygiene, and feeding habits were collected. The study reported a 27% prevalence of overweight. The most common oral pathology was tooth decay (60.3%), followed by periodontal diseases (53.2%). Using binary logistic regression, the study found that overweight pupils were 1.5 times more likely to develop tooth decay than non-overweight pupils after adjusting for age, daily fluoride, and carbohydrate intake. The findings suggest an association between overweight and tooth decay in this school-age population, indicating a need for integrated oral and nutritional health promotion in schools.

STUDY TYPE

cross-sectional

SPECIALTY

ophthalmology

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ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10176739

Oral pathology and overweight among pupils in government primary schools in Cameroon: a cross-sectional study

BMC Oral Health

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ABSTRACT

Background Tooth decay and periodontal diseases are the main oral pathologies in the world. The prevalence of overweight in children has increased worldwide. Overweight children have alterations in the composition of saliva and excessive consumption of saturated fatty acids tend to slow the metabolism of carbohydrates in the oral cavity leading to tooth decay, periodontal disease and others oral disorders. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between oral pathologies and overweight in pupils of primary schools of Cameroon. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out from June to August 2020 in four government primary schools selected through cluster sampling in Yaounde. 650 pupils aged between 6 and 11 years were enrolled. Data collected included anthropometric, oral pathologies, quality of oral hygiene and feeding habits. Data were analysed with the SPSS 26.0 statistical software and binary logistic regression was used to determine the risks of oral pathologies in overweight pupils. P-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The prevalence of overweight was 27% (95% CI: 23.5—30.5). The main oral pathologies was tooth decay (60.3%). Binary logistic regression revealed that overweight pupils were significantly 1.5 times more likely to develop tooth decay than non-overweight pupils (95% CI: 1.1—2.4). Conclusion Overweight, tooth decay are prevalent among pupils. Overweight pupils have a higher risk of developing tooth decay compared to non-obese pupils. An integrated package of oral and nutritional health promotion activities is necessary in primary schools in Cameroon.

CITATION EXPORT

Lionel Berthold Keubou Boukeng, Claude Axel Minkandi, Leonie Nzefa Dapi. Oral pathology and overweight among pupils in government primary schools in Cameroon: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-023-02941-z

AUTHORS

3 · 2 CENTRES

Lionel Berthold Keubou Boukeng, Claude Axel Minkandi, Leonie Nzefa Dapi

1grid.412661.60000 0001 2173 8504Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 1364, Yaoundé, Cameroon
2grid.8148.50000 0001 2174 3522Department of Medicine and Optometry, Inst of Health and Life Sciences, Linnaeus University, P.O. Box 39182, Kalmar, Sweden