SEARCHNARRATIVE_REVIEWophthalmology, retina

narrative_review·ophthalmology, retina, preclinical research, biomedical research, research methods·PMC10142934

Overcoming Treatment Challenges in Posterior Segment Diseases with Biodegradable Nano-Based Drug Delivery Systems

Pharmaceutics · 4 authors, 4 centres

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TL;DR

This narrative review examines biodegradable nano-based drug delivery systems designed to overcome anatomical barriers in treating posterior segment eye diseases.

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401 CHARS

It describes the anatomical barriers in the eye that limit conventional treatments and explains how biodegradable nanocarriers can offer longer residence time and better penetration. The review covers various types of nanocarriers and their potential applications. Limitations include the need to translate findings from animal models to humans and the requirement for interdisciplinary collaboration.

STUDY TYPE

narrative_review

SPECIALTY

ophthalmology

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100% · A

ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10142934

Overcoming Treatment Challenges in Posterior Segment Diseases with Biodegradable Nano-Based Drug Delivery Systems

Pharmaceutics

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ABSTRACT

Abstract Posterior segment eye diseases present a challenge in treatment due to the complex structures in the eye that serve as robust static and dynamic barriers, limiting the penetration, residence time, and bioavailability of topical and intraocular medications. This hinders effective treatment and requires frequent dosing, such as the regular use of eye drops or visits to the ophthalmologist for intravitreal injections, to manage the disease. Moreover, the drugs must be biodegradable to minimize toxicity and adverse reactions, as well as small enough to not affect the visual axis. The development of biodegradable nano-based drug delivery systems (DDSs) can be the solution to these challenges. First, they can stay in ocular tissues for longer periods of time, reducing the frequency of drug administration. Second, they can pass through ocular barriers, offering higher bioavailability to targeted tissues that are otherwise inaccessible. Third, they can be made up of polymers that are biodegradable and nanosized. Hence, therapeutic innovations in biodegradable nanosized DDS have been widely explored for ophthalmic drug delivery applications. In this review, we will present a concise overview of DDSs utilized in the treatment of ocular diseases. We will then examine the current therapeutic challenges faced in the management of posterior segment diseases and explore how various types of biodegradable nanocarriers can enhance our therapeutic arsenal. A literature review of the pre-clinical and clinical studies published between 2017 and 2023 was conducted. Through the advances in biodegradable materials, combined with a better understanding of ocular pharmacology, the nano-based DDSs have rapidly evolved, showing great promise to overcome challenges currently encountered by clinicians. Keywords: ocular surface disease, retinal disease, nanosystems for ocular drug delivery, nanocarriers, biodegradable polymers, ocular drug delivery system, hydrogels, ocular inserts, exosomes

CITATION EXPORT

Kevin Y Wu, Maxine Joly-Chevrier, Dania Akbar et al.. Overcoming Treatment Challenges in Posterior Segment Diseases with Biodegradable Nano-Based Drug Delivery Systems. Pharmaceutics. (2023). https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15041094

AUTHORS

4 · 4 CENTRES

Kevin Y Wu, Maxine Joly-Chevrier, Dania Akbar, Simon D Tran

1Department of Surgery, Division of Ophthalmology, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1G 2E8, Canada; [email protected]
2Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
3Department of Human Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
4Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1G1, Canada