SEARCHCROSS-SECTIONALpediatrics, immunology

cross-sectional·pediatrics, immunology, public health, epidemiology, observational study·PMC10516313

Pediatric allergies in Japan: Coronavirus disease pandemic-related risk factors

Asia Pacific Allergy · 28 authors, 25 centres

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AGENT 01 · STRUCTURED SUMMARY

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TL;DR

It found that accidental food allergen ingestion increased for 4% of food allergy patients, and the main exacerbation factors were mask-related dermatitis for atopic dermatitis, home allergens for allergic rhinitis, and seasonal changes for asthma.

Full summary

675 CHARS

This cross-sectional questionnaire study collected data from November 2020 to March 2021. Parents of children with allergies reported on changes during the school closure period (March–May 2020) compared to before the pandemic. Main risk factors for worsening were identified as mask-related contact dermatitis, home allergens (e.g., mites, pets), and seasonal changes, respectively. Factors were related to increased time at home, COVID-19 prevention measures, and refraining from doctor visits. Limitations include reliance on parental subjective reporting, lack of validated assessment tools, and potential selection bias as only regularly visiting patients were included.

STUDY TYPE

cross-sectional

SPECIALTY

pediatrics

SUMMARISED BY

AI pipeline

FIDELITY CHECK

100% · A

ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10516313

Pediatric allergies in Japan: Coronavirus disease pandemic-related risk factors

Asia Pacific Allergy

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ABSTRACT

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic impacted various parts of society, including Japanese children with allergies. Objective: This study investigated risk factors for pediatric allergic diseases associated with the state of emergency owing to the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan, including during school closures. Methods: Parents of pediatric patients (0–15 years) with allergies were enrolled and queried regarding the impact of school closure on pediatric allergies compared to that before the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: A valid response was obtained from 2302 parents; 1740 of them had children with food allergies. Approximately 4% (62/1740) of the parents reported accidental food allergen ingestion was increased compared to that before the COVID-19 pandemic. Accidental ingestion during school closures was associated with increased contact with meals containing allergens meant for siblings or other members of the family at home. The exacerbation rate during the pandemic was highest for atopic dermatitis at 13% (127/976), followed by allergic rhinitis at 8% (58/697), and bronchial asthma at 4% (27/757). The main risk factors for worsening atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, and bronchial asthma were contact dermatitis of the mask area (34/120 total comments); home allergens, such as mites, dogs, and cats (15/51 total comments); and seasonal changes (6/25 total comments), respectively. Conclusion: The main factors affecting allergic diseases were likely related to increased time at home, preventive measures against COVID-19, and refraining from doctor visits. Children with allergies were affected by changes in social conditions; however, some factors, such as preventing accidental ingestion and the management of allergens at home, were similar to those before the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients who had received instructions on allergen avoidance at home before the pandemic were able to manage their disease better even when their social conditions changed.

CITATION EXPORT

Yuri Takaoka, Akihiro Maeta, Atsuko Nakano et al.. Pediatric allergies in Japan: Coronavirus disease pandemic-related risk factors. Asia Pacific Allergy. (2023). https://doi.org/10.5415/apallergy.0000000000000116

AUTHORS

28 · 25 CENTRES

Yuri Takaoka, Akihiro Maeta, Atsuko Nakano, Masaaki Hamada, Yukiko Hiraguchi, Tomoko Kawakami, Ikuo Okafuji, Yutaka Takemura, Makoto Kameda, Kyoko Takahashi, Shohei Akagawa, Kaori Anzai, Shinichi Sumimoto, Kenji Bando, Masaaki Doi, Masahiro Enomoto, Shiori Fujikawa, Akiko Ikeda, Megumi Nagai, Atsuko Nishiyama, Keita Otsuka, Satoko Shimizu, Yukiko Sugimoto, Yukiko Tanaka, Yuko Tanaka, Yuya Tanaka, Ryohei Wakahara, Koji Yamasaki

1Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Prefectural Hospital Organization Osaka Habikino Medical Center, Habikino, Osaka, Japan
2Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Food Science and Nutrition, Mukogawa Women’s University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
3Department of Pediatrics, Kokuho Chuo Hospital, Shiki, Nara, Japan
4Department of Pediatrics, Yao Municipal Hospital, Yao, Osaka, Japan
5Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Saiseikai Nakatsu Hospital, Osaka, Osaka, Japan
6Department of Pediatrics, Sumitomo Hospital, Osaka, Osaka, Japan
7Department of Pediatrics, Kobe City Hospital Organization, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
8Department of Pediatrics, Kindai University Hospital, Osakasayama, Osaka, Japan
9Department of Pediatrics, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
10Department of Pediatrics, Japanese Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Osaka, Osaka, Japan
11Department of Pediatrics, Izumi City General Hospital, Izumi, Osaka, Japan
12Department of Pediatrics, Higashiosaka City Medical Center, Higashiosaka, Osaka, Japan
13Department of Pediatrics, Takatsuki General Hospital, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
14Department of Pediatrics, Abeno Medical Clinic, Osaka, Osaka, Japan
15Department of Pediatrics, Yamatotakada Municipal Hospital, Yamatotakada, Nara, Japan
16Department of Pediatrics, Nara Prefecture General Medical Center, Nara, Nara, Japan
17Department of Pediatrics, Nara City Hospital, Nara, Nara, Japan
18Department of Pediatrics, Matsushita Memorial Hospital, Moriguchi, Osaka, Japan
19Department of Pediatrics, Shimizu Family Clinic, Moriguchi, Osaka, Japan
20Department of Pediatrics, Hoshigaoka Medical Center, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
21Department of Pediatrics, Kobe City Medical Center West Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
22Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Police Hospital, Osaka, Osaka, Japan
23Department of Pediatrics, Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children’s Hospital, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
24Department of Pediatrics, PL Hospital, Tondabayashi, Osaka, Japan
25Department of Pediatrics, Kaizuka City Hospital, Kaizuka, Osaka, Japan