Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics · 2 authors, 4 centres
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This narrative review discusses the complex, multifactorial origins of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), emphasizing the roles of prenatal and postnatal factors in impairing lung development. It concludes that while significant mechanistic insights come from preclinical models, the heterogeneity of the human pulmonary cellular landscape remains a major challenge for developing effective therapies.
This narrative review synthesizes current knowledge on the perinatal origins of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung disease in premature infants. The authors describe BPD as a multifactorial condition resulting from an interplay of prenatal and postnatal inflammatory, mechanical, and oxidative injuries to the developing lung. Pathogenesis involves aberrant immune and reparative responses, pro-fibrotic and anti-angiogenic factor activation, and arrested lung microvascular maturation. It highlights recent advances in single-cell and multi-omics approaches aimed at identifying specific cellular populations and rare progenitors. A key limitation stated is that no single animal model fully replicates the complex human disease. The implications are that a deeper understanding of cellular dynamics is needed to inform the development of personalized prevention and repair strategies.
