SEARCHCROSS-SECTIONALnutrition, gastroenterology

cross-sectional·nutrition, gastroenterology, epidemiology, public health, observational study·PMC10519475

Plant-based dietary index in relation to gut microbiota in Arab women

Medicine · 5 authors, 3 centres

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This cross-sectional study examined associations between plant-based dietary indices—overall PDI, healthy PDI (hPDI), and unhealthy PDI (uPDI)—and gut microbiota composition and diversity in 92 young Saudi Arabian women aged 18 to 25. Dietary data were collected via food frequency questionnaires, and fecal samples were analyzed using whole-genome shotgun sequencing. Neither alpha nor beta microbial diversity was significantly associated with any dietary index.

STUDY TYPE

cross-sectional

SPECIALTY

nutrition

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100% · A

ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10519475

Plant-based dietary index in relation to gut microbiota in Arab women

Medicine

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ABSTRACT

Plant-based foods may influence gut microbiota profiles and contribute to overall human health. However, not all plant-based diets are nutritionally equivalent. We aimed to assess the association between a plant-based dietary index (PDI), specifically unhealthy PDI and healthy PDI (hPDI), and gut microbial composition and diversity in young women in Saudi Arabia. This observational study included 92 healthy women aged 18 to 25 years. Dietary and anthropometric data were collected. Fecal samples were analyzed using a novel whole-genome shotgun sequencing technique. Alpha and beta diversities measured the richness and composition of the gastrointestinal system. Relationships were examined with Pearson correlation, linear regression, and Wilcoxon Rank-Sum tests. Participants with higher PDI had higher levels of Bacteroides_u_s than those with lower PDI. hPDI was positively correlated with Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum, Bifidobacterium longum, Oscillibacter , and Lactobacillus acidophilus and inversely correlated with Clostridioides difficile (P < .05). Unhealthy plant-based dietary index was inversely correlated with B pseudocatenulatum, B longum , and L acidophilus and positively correlated with C difficile (P < .05) and other species of interest. In conclusion, hPDI scores were significantly associated with microbiota species linked with favorable health outcomes, independent of body mass index and gut microbial richness and composition in Arab women. Future studies should investigate the modulating effect of plant-based diets on the species identified in the current study.

CITATION EXPORT

Ghadeer S. Aljuraiban, Esra’a A. Aljazairy, Abdulaziz S. Alsahli et al.. Plant-based dietary index in relation to gut microbiota in Arab women. Medicine. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000035262

AUTHORS

5 · 3 CENTRES

Ghadeer S. Aljuraiban, Esra’a A. Aljazairy, Abdulaziz S. Alsahli, Shaun Sabico, Sara Al-Musharaf

a Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
b Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
c Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.