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cohort·epidemiology, public health, cardiology, endocrinology, geriatrics·PMC10337167

Prevalence and trends of polypharmacy in U.S. adults, 1999–2018

Global Health Research and Policy · 8 authors, 6 centres

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TL;DR

The prevalence rose from 8.2% in 1999-2000 to 17.1% in 2017-2018, with the highest rates and increases found in older adults and those with heart disease or diabetes.

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The overall prevalence increased significantly from 8.2% (95% CI 7.2-9.2) in 1999-2000 to 17.1% (95% CI 15.7-18.5) in 2017-2018, with an average annual percentage change of 2.9% (P=0.001). Prevalence was highest in adults aged ≥65 (rising from 23.5% to 44.1%), those with heart disease (40.6% to 61.7%), and those with diabetes (36.3% to 57.7%). Greater annual increase rates were observed in men, Mexican Americans, and non-Hispanic Blacks.

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cohort

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epidemiology

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ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10337167

Prevalence and trends of polypharmacy in U.S. adults, 1999–2018

Global Health Research and Policy

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ABSTRACT

Abstract Background Polypharmacy is one of the most important health issues for its potential impacts on disease burden and healthcare costs. The aim of this study was to update a comprehensive picture of prevalence and trends in polypharmacy over 20 years in U.S. adults. Methods Participants included 55,081 adults aged ≥ 20 from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, January 1, 1999, through December 31, 2018. The simultaneously use of ≥ 5 drugs in one individual was defined as polypharmacy. National prevalence and trends in polypharmacy were evaluated among U.S. adults within different demo-socioeconomic status and pre-existing diseases. Results From 1999–2000 to 2017–2018, the overall percentages of adults with polypharmacy remained on the rise, increasing from 8.2% (7.2–9.2%) to 17.1% (15.7–18.5%) (average annual percentage change [AAPC] = 2.9%, P = .001). The polypharmacy prevalence was considerably higher in the elderly (from 23.5% to 44.1%), in adults with heart disease (from 40.6% to 61.7%), and in adults with diabetes (from 36.3% to 57.7%). Also, we observed a greater increase rate of polypharmacy in men (AAPC = 4.1%, P < .001), in the Mexican American (AAPC = 6.3%, P < .001), and in the non-Hispanic Black (AAPC = 4.4%, P < .001). Conclusions From 1999–2000 to 2017–2018, the prevalence of polypharmacy is continually increasing in U.S. adults. The polypharmacy was especially higher in the older, in patients with heart disease, or diabetes. The high prevalence urges the healthcare providers and health policymakers to manage polypharmacy among specific population groups. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s41256-023-00311-4. Keywords: Polypharmacy, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, NHANES, Trends, Prevalence, Medication

CITATION EXPORT

Xiaowen Wang, Keyang Liu, Kokoro Shirai et al.. Prevalence and trends of polypharmacy in U.S. adults, 1999–2018. Global Health Research and Policy. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41256-023-00311-4

AUTHORS

8 · 6 CENTRES

Xiaowen Wang, Keyang Liu, Kokoro Shirai, Chengyao Tang, Yonghua Hu, Ying Wang, Yuantao Hao, Jia-Yi Dong

1Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness and Response, Peking University, Beijing, 100191 China
2Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
3Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, 5650871 Japan
4Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191 China
5Medical Informatics Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191 China
6Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 China