SEARCHCROSS-SECTIONALophthalmology, cataract surgery

cross-sectional·ophthalmology, cataract surgery, dry eye, epidemiology·PMC10538615

Prevalence of Meibomian Gland Atrophy in Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery

Cornea · 3 authors, 3 centres

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TL;DR

This retrospective cross-sectional study determined the prevalence of meibomian gland atrophy in 391 US patients aged 50 or older undergoing preoperative cataract surgery evaluation.

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This retrospective study analyzed 391 patients aged ≥50 years who underwent preoperative cataract surgery workup with meibography. Meibomian gland atrophy in the lower eyelid was graded from 0 (no atrophy) to 3 (>66% atrophy). The primary finding was that 95.1% of patients had atrophy of grade 1 or higher, with 50.4% having grade 1, 25.8% grade 2, and 18.9% grade 3. The study is limited by its retrospective design and use of semiquantitative grading. The findings suggest meibomian gland atrophy is common in this surgical population, potentially indicating underdiagnosis, and support routine meibography in preoperative screening.

STUDY TYPE

cross-sectional

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ophthalmology

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ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10538615

Prevalence of Meibomian Gland Atrophy in Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery

Cornea

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ABSTRACT

Abstract Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of meibomian gland (MG) atrophy in a US-based population of patients presenting for cataract surgery. Methods: In this retrospective study, case records of 391 patients aged 50 years or older, who had undergone a preoperative cataract surgery workup with meibography, were included. The amount of atrophy in the lower eyelid was graded as described by Arita et al (grade 0 = no atrophy, grade 1 = 1%-33% atrophy, grade 2 = 34%-66% atrophy, and grade 3 = >66% atrophy), and the prevalence of MG atrophy was determined. Associations between MG atrophy and demography, comorbidities, and risk factors were evaluated. Results: Overall, 95.1% of patients (372/391) had MG atrophy ≥grade 1, with 50.4% (197/391) having grade 1, 25.8% (101/391) grade 2, and 18.9% (74/391) grade 3. MG atrophy had a statistically significant correlation with MG expressibility (R = 0.22; P = 0.001), but not with meibum grade (R = 0.103; P = 0.123) and telangiectasia (R = 0.014; P = 0.787). The prevalence of MG atrophy (≥grade 1) was comparable among patients who had previously been diagnosed with dry eye disease (DED) versus those who had not; however, the severity of MG atrophy was higher in patients with previous DED diagnosis (grade 2/3: 59% vs. 30.9%). Among patients with no previous history of DED, 18% (35/194) had moderate and 13% (25/194) had severe MG atrophy. Conclusions: MG atrophy is common in patients presenting for cataract surgery evaluation, indicating potential underdiagnosis. Routine use of meibography during preoperative screening in cataract surgery patients may facilitate more timely and effective diagnosis and treatment. Key Words: meibomian gland atrophy, dry eye disease, meibomian gland dysfunction, meibography

CITATION EXPORT

Elizabeth Yeu, Cecelia Koetting, Hannah Calvelli. Prevalence of Meibomian Gland Atrophy in Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery. Cornea. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1097/ICO.0000000000003234

AUTHORS

3 · 3 CENTRES

Elizabeth Yeu, Cecelia Koetting, Hannah Calvelli

*Virginia Eye Consultants, Norfolk, VA; and
†Maine Eye, Portland, ME
‡Hines Sight, Denver, CO