SEARCHCOHORTinternal medicine, critical care

cohort·internal medicine, critical care, public health, psychiatry, epidemiology·PMC10133285

Prospective single-center study of health-related quality of life after COVID-19 in ICU and non-ICU patients

Scientific Reports · 16 authors, 10 centres

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TL;DR

This prospective cohort study assessed health-related quality of life in 85 hospitalized COVID-19 patients at 3 and 12 months post-discharge. The central result is that ICU patients had significantly lower quality of life and less improvement over 12 months compared to non-ICU patients, with common mental health symptoms.

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This is a prospective single-center cohort study of 85 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Germany between March and December 2020, with follow-up at 3 and 12 months post-discharge. The study compared health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and mental health outcomes between ICU and non-ICU survivors using validated questionnaires. The main finding is that HRQoL was significantly lower in ICU patients compared to non-ICU patients at both 3 and 12 months, with less improvement over time in the ICU group. Specifically, the EQ-5D-5L index was 0.71±0.27 for ICU vs. 0.78±0.33 for non-ICU at 3 months, and 0.74±0.2 vs. 0.84±0.23 at 12 months. Depression was present in approximately one-fifth of patients in both groups, and severe fatigue was also common. High levels of perceived stress were more frequent in ICU patients. Limitations include the single-center design, potential selection bias due to a 55% consent refusal rate, and a high proportion of ECMO patients in the ICU group. The study concludes that long-term sequelae, including impaired physical and mental health, are common after severe COVID-19, necessitating ongoing monitoring.

STUDY TYPE

cohort

SPECIALTY

internal medicine

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ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10133285

Prospective single-center study of health-related quality of life after COVID-19 in ICU and non-ICU patients

Scientific Reports

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ABSTRACT

Long-term sequelae in hospitalized Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients may result in limited quality of life. The current study aimed to determine health-related quality of life (HRQoL) after COVID-19 hospitalization in non-intensive care unit (ICU) and ICU patients. This is a single-center study at the University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Germany. Patients eligible were hospitalized with COVID-19 between March 2020 and December 2020. Patients were interviewed 3 and 12 months after hospital discharge. Questionnaires included the European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions 5 Level (EQ-5D-5L), patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), the generalized anxiety disorder 7 scale (GAD-7), FACIT fatigue scale, perceived stress scale (PSS-10) and posttraumatic symptom scale 10 (PTSS-10). 85 patients were included in the study. The EQ5D-5L-Index significantly differed between non-ICU (0.78 ± 0.33 and 0.84 ± 0.23) and ICU (0.71 ± 0.27; 0.74 ± 0.2) patients after 3- and 12-months. Of non-ICU 87% and 80% of ICU survivors lived at home without support after 12 months. One-third of ICU and half of the non-ICU patients returned to work. A higher percentage of ICU patients was limited in their activities of daily living compared to non-ICU patients. Depression and fatigue were present in one fifth of the ICU patients. Stress levels remained high with only 24% of non-ICU and 3% of ICU patients (p = 0.0186) having low perceived stress. Posttraumatic symptoms were present in 5% of non-ICU and 10% of ICU patients. HRQoL is limited in COVID-19 ICU patients 3- and 12-months post COVID-19 hospitalization, with significantly less improvement at 12-months compared to non-ICU patients. Mental disorders were common highlighting the complexity of post-COVID-19 symptoms as well as the necessity to educate patients and primary care providers about monitoring mental well-being post COVID-19.

CITATION EXPORT

Johannes Herrmann, Kerstin Müller, Quirin Notz et al.. Prospective single-center study of health-related quality of life after COVID-19 in ICU and non-ICU patients. Scientific Reports. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-33783-y

AUTHORS

16 · 10 CENTRES

Johannes Herrmann, Kerstin Müller, Quirin Notz, Martha Hübsch, Kirsten Haas, Anna Horn, Julia Schmidt, Peter Heuschmann, Jens Maschmann, Matthias Frosch, Jürgen Deckert, Hermann Einsele, Georg Ertl, Stefan Frantz, Patrick Meybohm, Christopher Lotz

1grid.8379.50000 0001 1958 8658Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Julius-Maximilians-University Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany
2grid.8379.50000 0001 1958 8658Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
3grid.411760.50000 0001 1378 7891Clinical Trial Center, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany
4grid.8379.50000 0001 1958 8658University Hospital Würzburg, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
5grid.8379.50000 0001 1958 8658University Hospital Würzburg, Julius-Maximilians-University Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany
6grid.8379.50000 0001 1958 8658Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Würzburg, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
7grid.8379.50000 0001 1958 8658Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
8grid.8379.50000 0001 1958 8658Comprehensive Heart Failure Center Würzburg (CHFC), University Hospital Würzburg, Julius-Maximilians-University Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany
9grid.8379.50000 0001 1958 8658Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
10grid.411760.50000 0001 1378 7891Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Oberduerrbacherstr. 6, 97080 Würzburg, Germany