Risperidone Administration Attenuates Renal Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury following Cardiac Arrest by Antiinflammatory Effects in Rats

Veterinary Sciences · 10 authors, 9 centres

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TL;DR

This preclinical rat study investigated risperidone's effects on kidney injury after cardiac arrest. The study found that risperidone reduced markers of kidney damage and inflammation, suggesting a protective effect.

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The central result was that risperidone administration after resuscitation significantly attenuated renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. The study proposes that risperidone's protective mechanism is linked to its anti-inflammatory effects, specifically the attenuation of increased pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-6, TNF-α) immunoreactivity and the maintenance of anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-4, IL-13) levels. The study type is a preclinical animal experiment with indirect relevance to human critical care and nephrology.

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other

SPECIALTY

preclinical research

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ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10059783

Risperidone Administration Attenuates Renal Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury following Cardiac Arrest by Antiinflammatory Effects in Rats

Veterinary Sciences

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ABSTRACT

Abstract Simple Summary Risperidone has been reported to show other beneficial effects instead of its original effectiveness. This experiment was conducted for the effects of risperidone on renal ischemia and reperfusion injury (IRI) following cardiac arrest. The increased levels of serum blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and lactate dehydrogenase after cardiac arrest were significantly decreased by risperidone treatment. IRI-induced histopathological injury was attenuated by risperidone administration, showing that pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine immunoreactivities were apparently controlled by risperidone administration. Based on these findings, risperidone administration after cardiac arrest can protect kidneys from IRI via anti-inflammatory effects. Abstract Multi-organ dysfunction following cardiac arrest is associated with poor outcome as well as high mortality. The kidney, one of major organs in the body, is susceptible to ischemia and reperfusion; however, there are few studies on renal ischemia and reperfusion injury (IRI) following the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) after cardiac arrest. Risperidone, an atypical antipsychotic drug, has been discovered to have some beneficial effects beyond its original effectiveness. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate possible therapeutic effects of risperidone on renal IRI following cardiac arrest. Rats were subjected to cardiac arrest induced by asphyxia for five minutes followed by ROSC. When serum biochemical analyses were examined, the levels of serum blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and lactate dehydrogenase were dramatically increased after cardiac arrest, but they were significantly reduced by risperidone administration. Histopathology was examined using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Histopathological injury induced by cardiac arrest was apparently attenuated by risperidone administration. Furthermore, alterations in pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-4 and interleukin-13) were examined by immunohistochemistry. Pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine immunoreactivities were gradually and markedly increased and decreased, respectively, in the kidneys following cardiac arrest; however, risperidone administration after cardiac arrest significantly attenuated the increased pro-inflammatory cytokine immunoreactivities and the decreased anti-inflammatory cytokine immunoreactivities. Collectively, our current results revealed that, in rats, risperidone administration after cardiac arrest protected kidneys from IRI induced by cardiac arrest and ROSC through anti-inflammatory effects. Keywords: antipsychotic drug, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, histopathology, inflammatory cytokines, lactate dehydrogenase

CITATION EXPORT

Yang Hee Kim, Tae-Kyeong Lee, Jae-Chul Lee et al.. Risperidone Administration Attenuates Renal Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury following Cardiac Arrest by Antiinflammatory Effects in Rats. Veterinary Sciences. (2023). https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10030184

AUTHORS

10 · 9 CENTRES

Yang Hee Kim, Tae-Kyeong Lee, Jae-Chul Lee, Dae Won Kim, Hyun-Jin Tae, Joon Ha Park, Ji Hyeon Ahn, Choong-Hyun Lee, Moo-Ho Won, Seongkweon Hong

1Department of Surgery, Kangwon National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24289, Republic of Korea
2Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
3Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
4Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Kangnung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Republic of Korea
5College of Veterinary Medicine and Biosafety Research Institute, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
6Department of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Animal Transplantation, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
7Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea
8Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Science, Youngsan University, Yangsan 50510, Republic of Korea
9Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea