Advances in geriatric medicine and research · 3 authors, 2 centres
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This narrative review discusses evidence linking gut, oral, and ocular microbiome dysbiosis to Sjögren's syndrome pathogenesis and evaluates emerging microbiome-based treatment strategies like probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation. The central conclusion is that these approaches hold promise but require more rigorous clinical trials to establish efficacy and causality.
This narrative review synthesizes evidence on the role of microbiome dysbiosis in Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and explores potential microbiome-targeted therapies. It describes that SS patients exhibit altered gut, oral, and ocular microbiota, with gut dysbiosis correlating with higher disease activity in studies such as one of 42 SS patients. The review highlights preclinical animal studies where probiotic strains improved tear secretion and modulated immune responses. It also notes a small, open-label human trial of fecal microbiota transplantation for dry eye symptoms. The authors discuss the therapeutic potential of probiotics and prebiotics to modulate host immune function, such as inducing regulatory T cells. Limitations include that most microbiome intervention studies are preclinical, causality in humans is not established, and large, randomized controlled trials are needed.
