Frontiers in Endocrinology · 7 authors, 2 centres
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This preclinical study in high-fat diet-fed obese mice found that sleeve gastrectomy reduced colonic pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and altered the gut microbiota, and that these anti-inflammatory effects were abolished when the gut microbiota was eliminated with antibiotics.
The study investigated the effects of sleeve gastrectomy (SG) on colon inflammation and gut bacteria in obese mice fed a high-fat diet. SG led to significant decreases in colonic expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, IL-23) and increased expression of tight junction proteins, suggesting improved pro-inflammatory status, despite no major changes in colonic morphology or macrophage infiltration. To test causality, a separate group of SG mice received broad-spectrum antibiotics to disrupt the microbiota. In these antibiotic-treated mice, the beneficial effects of SG on cytokine and tight junction protein expression were lost, and RNA sequencing showed no regulation of inflammation pathways by SG. The findings imply that changes in the gut microbiota are a key mechanism by which SG improves colon inflammation in obesity.
