Small High-Density Lipoprotein and Omega-3 Fatty Acid Intake Differentiates Japanese and Japanese-Americans: The INTERLIPID Study

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis · 17 authors, 11 centres

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Hierarchical cluster analysis and PLS-DA were used to identify differentiating lipid components and their associations with lifestyle factors via volcano plot analyses.

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Hierarchical cluster analysis and PLS-DA were used to identify differentiating lipid components and their associations with lifestyle factors via volcano plot analyses. HDL4 concentration was the lipid component most clearly differentiating the two populations in both men and women, followed by Apo-A2. Fish-derived omega-3 fatty acids (DHA, DPA, EPA) were inversely associated with HDL4 and positively associated with HDL1 concentration.

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cohort

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cardiology

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ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10406687

Small High-Density Lipoprotein and Omega-3 Fatty Acid Intake Differentiates Japanese and Japanese-Americans: The INTERLIPID Study

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis

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ABSTRACT

Abstract Aim: To identify the most differentiated serum lipids, especially concerning particle size and fractions, between Japanese living in Japan and Japanese-Americans in Hawaii, in the absence of possible genetic confounders, and cross-sectionally examine the associated modifiable lifestyle factors. Methods: Overall, 1,241 (aged 40–59 years) Japanese living in Japan and Japanese-Americans in Hawaii were included. We quantified 130 serum lipid profiles (VLDL 1-5, IDL, LDL 1-6, high-density lipoprotein [HDL] 1-4, and their subfractions) using Bruker’s 1 H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer for the primary outcome. Modifiable lifestyle factors included body mass index (BMI), physical activity, alcohol and smoking habits, and 70 nutrient parameters. We evaluated the different lipids between the groups using partial least squares-discriminant analysis and association between extracted lipids and lifestyle factors using multivariable linear regression analysis. Results: Concentrations of HDL4, HDL with the smallest particle size, were lower in Japanese than in Japanese-Americans of both sexes. Higher fish-derived omega-3 fatty acid intake and lower alcohol intake were associated with lower HDL4 concentrations. A 1% higher kcal intake of total omega-3 fatty acids was associated with a 9.8-mg/dL lower HDL4. Fish-derived docosapentaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid intake were inversely associated with HDL4 concentration. There was no relationship between country, sex, age, or BMI. Conclusions: Japanese and Japanese-Americans can be differentiated based on HDL4 concentration. High fish intake among the Japanese may contribute to their lower HDL4 concentration. Thus, HDL particle size may be an important clinical marker for coronary artery diseases or a fish consumption biomarker. Keywords: Metabolome, High-density lipoprotein, Omega-3 fatty acid, Japanese, Serum lipid

CITATION EXPORT

Yukiko Okami, Queenie Chan, Katsuyuki Miura et al.. Small High-Density Lipoprotein and Omega-3 Fatty Acid Intake Differentiates Japanese and Japanese-Americans: The INTERLIPID Study. Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis. (2022). https://doi.org/10.5551/jat.63762

AUTHORS

17 · 11 CENTRES

Yukiko Okami, Queenie Chan, Katsuyuki Miura, Aya Kadota, Paul Elliott, Kamal Masaki, Akira Okayama, Nagako Okuda, Katsushi Yoshita, Naoko Miyagawa, Tomonori Okamura, Kiyomi Sakata, Shigeyuki Saitoh, Masaru Sakurai, Hideaki Nakagawa, Jeremiah Stamler (deceased), Hirotsugu Ueshima

1NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
2MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
3Department of Geriatric Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, USA
4Research Institute of Strategy for Prevention, Tokyo, Japan
5Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Kyoto, Japan
6Graduate School of Human Life and Ecology Division of Human Life and Ecology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
7Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
8Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
9School of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
10Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan
11Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, USA