Study of the Antimicrobial Potential of the Arthrospira platensis , Planktothrix agardhii , Leptolyngbya cf. ectocarpi , Roholtiella mixta nov., Tetraselmis viridis , and Nanofrustulum shiloi against Gram-Positive, Gram-Negative Bacteria, and Mycobacteria

Marine Drugs · 7 authors, 3 centres

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TL;DR

Water, DMSO, and ethanol extracts from six cyanobacteria and microalgae species were tested in vitro against clinically isolated bacteria and mycobacteria and in a mouse tuberculosis model, showing antimicrobial activity that was strongest for the enriched fucoxanthin fraction, which also reduced mycobacterial load in mouse organs in vivo.

Full summary

1,051 CHARS

This preclinical study evaluated unfractionated water and DMSO extracts as well as ethanol-derived fucoxanthin from six cyanobacteria and microalgae species against gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus, E. faecalis), gram-negative bacteria (K. pneumoniae, A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa) isolated from pulmonary tuberculosis patients, and mycobacteria (M. tuberculosis H37Rv and M. smegmatis). In vitro antimicrobial activity was assessed using a micromethod for minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). In vitro results showed that most cyanobacterial and microalgal extracts suppressed bacterial and mycobacterial growth, with fucoxanthin demonstrating the strongest effect. In the mouse model, fucoxanthin significantly reduced mycobacterial load in internal organs. However, some extracts promoted bacterial growth in vitro, and cytotoxicity to mouse splenocytes and peritoneal macrophages was observed. Statistical analysis employed one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction (p ≤ 0.05). The use of unfractionated extracts is acknowledged as a limitation.

STUDY TYPE

other

SPECIALTY

preclinical research

SUMMARISED BY

AI pipeline

FIDELITY CHECK

100% · A

ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10532822

Study of the Antimicrobial Potential of the Arthrospira platensis , Planktothrix agardhii , Leptolyngbya cf. ectocarpi , Roholtiella mixta nov., Tetraselmis viridis , and Nanofrustulum shiloi against Gram-Positive, Gram-Negative Bacteria, and Mycobacteria

Marine Drugs

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ABSTRACT

The incidence of diseases brought on by resistant strains of micro-organisms, including tuberculosis, is rising globally as a result of the rapid rise in pathogenic micro-organism resistance to antimicrobial treatments. Secondary metabolites with potential for antibacterial activity are produced by cyanobacteria and microalgae. In this study, gram-positive ( S. aureus , E. faecalis ) and gram-negative ( K. pneumoniae , A. baumannii , P. aeruginosa ) bacteria were isolated from pulmonary tuberculosis patients receiving long-term antituberculosis therapy. The antimicrobial potential of extracts from the cyanobacteria Leptolyngbya cf. ectocarpi , Planktothrix agardhii , Arthrospira platensis , Rohotiella mixta sp. nov., Nanofrustulum shiloi , and Tetraselmis (Platymonas) viridis Rouchijajnen was evaluated. On mouse splenocytes and peritoneal macrophages, extracts of cyanobacteria and microalgae had inhibitory effects. In vitro studies have shown that cyanobacteria and microalgae extracts suppress the growth of bacteria and mycobacteria. At the same time, it has been demonstrated that cyanobacterial and microalgal extracts can encourage bacterial growth in a test tube. Additionally, the enhanced fucoxanthin fraction significantly reduced the development of bacteria in vitro. In a mouse experiment to simulate tuberculosis, the mycobacterial load in internal organs was considerably decreased by fucoxanthin. According to the information gathered, cyanobacteria and microalgae are potential sources of antibacterial compounds that can be used in the manufacturing of pharmaceutical raw materials.

CITATION EXPORT

Alexander Lykov, Alexei Salmin, Ruslan Gevorgiz et al.. Study of the Antimicrobial Potential of the Arthrospira platensis, Planktothrix agardhii, Leptolyngbya cf. ectocarpi, Roholtiella mixta nov., Tetraselmis viridis, and Nanofrustulum shiloi against Gram-Positive, Gram-Negative Bacteria, and Mycobacteria. Marine Drugs. (2023). https://doi.org/10.3390/md21090492

AUTHORS

7 · 3 CENTRES

Alexander Lykov, Alexei Salmin, Ruslan Gevorgiz, Svetlana Zheleznova, Lyubov Rachkovskaya, Maria Surovtseva, Olga Poveshchenko

1Novosibirsk Tuberculosis Research Institute MH RF, Okhotskaya 81 A, Novosibirsk 630040, Russia; [email protected]
2Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology—Filial of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Timakova 2, Novosibirsk 630060, Russia; [email protected] (L.R.); [email protected] (M.S.); [email protected] (O.P.)
3Kovalevsky Research Institute of Biology of Southern Seas RAS, Nakhimova 2, Sevastopol 299011, Russia; [email protected] (R.G.); [email protected] (S.Z.)

EDITOR / REVIEWER

Sandra Pinto, Vasco D. B. Bonifácio