SEARCHNARRATIVE_REVIEWophthalmology, glaucoma

narrative_review·ophthalmology, glaucoma, preclinical research, biomedical research·PMC10531576

Technological Advances in a Therapy of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: Insights into Current Nanotechnologies

Journal of Clinical Medicine · 10 authors, 7 centres

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TL;DR

This narrative review summarizes nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems, such as nanoparticles and hydrogels, as potential advances for treating primary open-angle glaucoma. The central result is that these technologies may improve drug bioavailability and patient compliance compared to conventional eye drops.

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The authors describe the pathophysiology of POAG, focusing on elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) as a key modifiable risk factor. They outline conventional pharmacological treatments and their limitations, such as low bioavailability and poor patient adherence due to frequent dosing. The review details various nanocarriers under preclinical investigation—including hydrogels, liposomes, niosomes, nanoemulsions, and nanocrystals—highlighting their potential for controlled drug release, enhanced ocular penetration, and reduced systemic side effects. The authors conclude that while nanotechnology holds significant promise for revolutionizing glaucoma therapy, challenges remain for clinical translation.

STUDY TYPE

narrative_review

SPECIALTY

ophthalmology

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ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10531576

Technological Advances in a Therapy of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: Insights into Current Nanotechnologies

Journal of Clinical Medicine

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ABSTRACT

Abstract Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness and is characterized by increased intraocular pressure (IOP) and progressive optic nerve damage. The current therapeutic approaches for glaucoma management, such as eye drops and oral medications, face challenges including poor bioavailability, low patient compliance, and limited efficacy. In recent years, nanotechnology has emerged as a promising approach to overcome these limitations and revolutionize glaucoma treatment. In this narrative review, we present an overview of the novel nanotechnologies employed in the treatment of primary open-angle glaucoma. Various nanosystems, including liposomes, niosomes, nanoparticles, and other nanostructured carriers, have been developed to enhance the delivery and bioavailability of antiglaucoma drugs. They offer advantages such as a high drug loading capacity, sustained release, improved corneal permeability, and targeted drug delivery to the ocular tissues. The application of nanotechnologies in glaucoma treatment represents a transformative approach that addresses the limitations of conventional therapies. However, further research is needed to optimize the formulations, evaluate long-term safety, and implement these nanotechnologies into clinical practice. With continued advancements in nanotechnology, the future holds great potential for improving the management and outcomes of glaucoma, ultimately preserving vision and improving the lives of millions affected by this debilitating disease. Keywords: open-angle glaucoma, treatment, advanced technology, ophthalmology, hydrogel, liposomes, contact lenses, niosomes, nanoemulsion, nanocrystal

CITATION EXPORT

Julita Zembala, Alicja Forma, Roksana Zembala et al.. Technological Advances in a Therapy of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: Insights into Current Nanotechnologies. Journal of Clinical Medicine. (2023). https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12185798

AUTHORS

10 · 7 CENTRES

Julita Zembala, Alicja Forma, Roksana Zembala, Jacek Januszewski, Patryk Zembala, Dominik Adamowicz, Grzegorz Teresiński, Grzegorz Buszewicz, Jolanta Flieger, Jacek Baj

1University Clinical Center, Medical University of Warsaw, Lindleya 4, 02-005 Warsaw, Poland
2Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; [email protected] (G.T.); [email protected] (G.B.)
3Faculty of Medicine, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, Wóycickiego 1/3, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland; [email protected]
4Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; [email protected] (J.J.); [email protected] (J.B.)
5Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; [email protected]
6University Clinical Center, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; [email protected]
7Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4A, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; [email protected]

Julita Zembala, Alicja Forma, Roksana Zembala et al.. Technological Advances in a Therapy of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: Insights into Current Nanotechnologies. Journal of Clinical Medicine. (2023). https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12185798