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TL;DR
Consumption of sweet, grilled, and processed foods was linked to impaired fasting glucose, while high-fat food consumption was associated with impaired glucose tolerance.
Journal of Obesity · 5 authors, 5 centres
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Consumption of sweet, grilled, and processed foods was linked to impaired fasting glucose, while high-fat food consumption was associated with impaired glucose tolerance.
This population-based, cross-sectional analysis used data from the Indonesian Basic Health Research 2018 (RISKESDAS 2018) survey. Dietary intake was assessed via validated questionnaire and food card, and glucose metabolism was evaluated using fasting and 2-hour post-prandial plasma glucose levels. The primary results indicated that consumption of sweet, grilled, and processed foods was associated with impaired fasting plasma glucose (IFG) (p < 0.05), and consumption of high-fat foods was associated with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (p < 0.05). Processed food consumption was linked to combined glucose intolerance (CGI) in all models (p ≤ 0.001). Limitations include the cross-sectional design, which precludes causal inference, and the use of frequency data for food intake rather than exact weights or energy intake. The findings suggest associations between specific unhealthy dietary patterns and impaired glucose metabolism in this overweight/obese population, supporting the need for longitudinal research.