Foods · 6 authors, 5 centres
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This preclinical study investigated an ethanolic extract of Perilla frutescens seed residue (PCE) in a rat model of colon carcinogenesis induced by DMH and DSS. PCE reduced the progression of aberrant crypt foci, decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines, and modulated the gut microbiota, suggesting potential chemopreventive properties.
This preclinical study examined the potential of an ethanolic extract from Perilla frutescens seed residue (PCE) to prevent the progression of colon cancer precursors. Additional in vitro experiments used LPS-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages and IL-6-induced HT-29 and HCT-116 human colon cancer cell lines. Key results showed that high-dose PCE supplementation significantly reduced the mean number of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in rat colons by 66.46% compared to the DMH/DSS group. PCE also dose-dependently decreased serum and colonic mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α. Gut microbiota analysis revealed that PCE increased alpha diversity and reduced the relative abundance of pro-inflammatory Gammaproteobacteria, while increasing beneficial bacteria like Lactobacillus. In vitro, PCE inhibited cytokine secretion from macrophages and suppressed IL-6-induced proliferation in colon cancer cell lines. A key limitation is that this is a preclinical study using animal and cell models; the human equivalent dose is calculated but not clinically validated. The study suggests PCE's anti-inflammatory and microbiota-modulating effects may contribute to its chemopreventive action, but direct mechanisms and human relevance require further investigation.
