SEARCHMETA-ANALYSIScardiology, epidemiology

meta-analysis·cardiology, epidemiology, public health, meta-analysis, systematic review·PMC10429077

The global estimate of premature cardiovascular mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of age-standardized mortality rate

BMC Public Health · 10 authors, 8 centres

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TL;DR

This systematic review and meta-analysis of 15 studies pooled the global age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) for premature cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. The central result is a global ASMR of 96.04 per 100,000 people for total CVD, with higher rates for ischemic heart disease than stroke, in males than females, and in middle-income than high-income countries.

Full summary

969 CHARS

The study conducted a systematic review and random-effects meta-analysis of 15 published studies to estimate the pooled global age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) for premature CVD mortality. The primary outcome was the pooled ASMR for total CVD. Subgroup analyses examined ASMR by specific CVD types, sex, country income level, study time, and age group. The meta-analysis found a global ASMR of 96.04 per 100,000 people for premature total CVD mortality. Ischemic heart disease had a higher ASMR (15.57) than stroke (12.36). Males had a higher ASMR (37.50) than females (15.75). Middle-income countries had a significantly higher ASMR (90.58) than high-income countries (21.42). Limitations include potential lack of representativeness in data sources and unexamined confounding from individual study characteristics. The findings provide a comprehensive estimate of the worldwide burden and underscore the need for targeted interventions in high-risk populations.

STUDY TYPE

meta-analysis

SPECIALTY

cardiology

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AI pipeline

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ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10429077

The global estimate of premature cardiovascular mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of age-standardized mortality rate

BMC Public Health

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ABSTRACT

Abstract Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a significant cause of premature mortality worldwide, with a growing burden in recent years. Despite this, there is a lack of comprehensive meta-analyses that quantify the extent of premature CVD mortality. Study addressed this gap by estimating the pooled age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) of premature CVD mortality. Methods We conducted a systematic review of published CVD mortality studies that reported ASMR as an indicator for premature mortality measurement. All English articles published as of October 2022 were searched in four electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science (WoS), and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL). We computed pooled estimates of ASMR using random-effects meta-analysis. We assessed heterogeneity from the selected studies using the I 2 statistic. Subgroup analyses and meta regression analysis was performed based on sex, main CVD types, income country level, study time and age group. The analysis was performed using R software with the “meta” and “metafor” packages. Results A total of 15 studies met the inclusion criteria. The estimated global ASMR for premature mortality from total CVD was 96.04 per 100,000 people (95% CI: 67.18, 137.31). Subgroup analysis by specific CVD types revealed a higher ASMR for ischemic heart disease (ASMR = 15.57, 95% CI: 11.27, 21.5) compared to stroke (ASMR = 12.36, 95% CI: 8.09, 18.91). Sex-specific differences were also observed, with higher ASMRs for males (37.50, 95% CI: 23.69, 59.37) than females (15.75, 95% CI: 9.61, 25.81). Middle-income countries had a significantly higher ASMR (90.58, 95% CI: 56.40, 145.48) compared to high-income countries (21.42, 95% CI: 15.63, 29.37). Stratifying by age group indicated that the age groups of 20–64 years and 30–74 years had a higher ASMR than the age group of 0–74 years. Our multivariable meta-regression model suggested significant differences in the adjusted ASMR estimates for all covariates except study time. Conclusions This meta-analysis synthesized a comprehensive estimate of the worldwide burden of premature CVD mortality. Our findings underscore the continued burden of premature CVD mortality, particularly in middle-income countries. Addressing this issue requires targeted interventions to mitigate the high risk of premature CVD mortality in these vulnerable populations. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-023-16466-1. Keywords: Premature mortality, Cardiovascular diseases, Age standardized mortality rate

CITATION EXPORT

Wan Shakira Rodzlan Hasani, Nor Asiah Muhamad, Tengku Muhammad Hanis et al.. The global estimate of premature cardiovascular mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of age-standardized mortality rate. BMC Public Health. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-16466-1

AUTHORS

10 · 8 CENTRES

Wan Shakira Rodzlan Hasani, Nor Asiah Muhamad, Tengku Muhammad Hanis, Nur Hasnah Maamor, Xin Wee Chen, Mohd Azahadi Omar, Yee Cheng Kueh, Zulkarnain Abd Karim, Muhammad Radzi Abu Hassan, Kamarul Imran Musa

1Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, 16150 Kelantan, Malaysia
2Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam 40170, Selangor, Malaysia
3Sector for Evidence-Based Healthcare, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health, Shah Alam, Selangor Malaysia
4Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, 47000 Selangor, Malaysia
5Sector for Biostatistics and Data Repository, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam 40170, Selangor, Malaysia
6Biostatistics and Research Methodology Unit, Kubang Kerian, 16150 Kelantan, Malaysia
7Office of The Manager to Biomedical Research Policy & Strategic Planning Unit, Institutes for Medical Research, Setia Alam 40170, Selangor, Malaysia
8Office of Director-General, Ministry of Health Malaysia, 62590 Putrajaya, Malaysia