This systematic review of 97 studies synthesized the learning curves for major laparoscopic and robotic urological procedures, finding considerable variation in how outcomes are measured and defined, with operative time being the most common metric. The central result is that learning curves for robotic prostatectomy were identified as 10–250 cases, for laparoscopic radical prostatectomy as 40–250 cases, and for robotic partial nephrectomy (warm ischaemia time) as 4–150 cases.