SEARCHCROSS-SECTIONALendocrinology, epidemiology

cross-sectional·endocrinology, epidemiology, public health, family medicine, internal medicine·PMC10456170

The magnitude of chronic diabetes complications and its associated factors among diabetic patients attending the general hospitals in Tigray region, Northern Ethiopia

PLOS ONE · 7 authors, 3 centres

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TL;DR

This multi-centre cross-sectional study of 1,158 type 2 diabetes patients in Tigray, Ethiopia, found that over half (54%) had at least one chronic complication, with hypertension being the most common. Factors like older age, insulin use, longer diabetes duration, and higher pill burden were associated with a greater likelihood of having complications.

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A cross-sectional study was conducted across 10 general hospitals in Tigray, Ethiopia, involving 1,158 randomly selected type 2 diabetes patients. Data were collected via interviewer-administered questionnaires and record review. The study aimed to assess the prevalence of chronic diabetes complications and associated factors. The overall prevalence of at least one chronic complication was 54.0%. Multivariable logistic regression identified factors significantly associated with complications: age over 60, insulin and oral hyperglycemic agent use, diabetes duration over five years, daily pill count over four, and high systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Protective factors included government employment, antiplatelet drug use, and medication for dyslipidemia. Limitations include the cross-sectional design, potential underreporting due to limited diagnostic resources in general hospitals, and the inclusion of only type 2 diabetes patients.

STUDY TYPE

cross-sectional

SPECIALTY

endocrinology

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100% · A

ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10456170

The magnitude of chronic diabetes complications and its associated factors among diabetic patients attending the general hospitals in Tigray region, Northern Ethiopia

PLOS ONE

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ABSTRACT

Background Diabetes is a severe challenge to global public health since it is a leading cause of morbidity, mortality, and rising healthcare costs. 3.0 million Ethiopians, or 4.7% of the population, had diabetes in 2021. Studies on the chronic complications of diabetes in Ethiopia have not been conducted in lower-level healthcare facilities, so the findings from tertiary hospitals do not accurately reflect the issues with chronic diabetes in general hospitals. In addition, there is a lack of information and little research on the complications of chronic diabetes in Ethiopia. The objective of this study was to assess the degree of chronic diabetes complications and associated factors among diabetic patients presenting to general hospitals in the Tigray area in northern Ethiopia. Methods As part of a multi-centre cross-sectional study, 1,158 type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients from 10 general hospitals in the Tigray region were randomly chosen. An interviewer-administered questionnaire, a record review, and an SPSS version 20 analysis were used to collect the data. All continuous data were presented as mean standard deviation (SD), while categorical data were identified by frequencies. Using a multivariable logistic regression model, the factors associated with chronic diabetes complications among T2D diabetic patients were found, and linked factors were declared at p 0.05. Results Fifty-four of people with diabetes have chronic problems. Hypertension (27%) eye illness, renal disease (19.1%), and hypertension (27%) eye disease were the most common long-term effects of diabetes. Patients with chronic diabetes complications were more likely to be older than 60, taking insulin and an OHGA (Oral Hyperglycemic Agent) (AOR = 3.00; 95% CI 1.73, 5.26), having diabetes for more than five years, taking more than four tablets per day (AOR = 1.63; 95% CI 1.23,2.15), and having high systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Patients with government employment (AOR = 0.48; 95% CI 0.26, 0.90), antiplatelet drug use (AOR = 0.29; 95% CI 0.16, 0.52), and medication for treating dyslipidemia (AOR = 0.54; 95% CI 0.35, 0.84), all had a decreased chance of developing a chronic diabetes problem. Conclusion At least one chronic diabetic complication was present in more than half of the patients in this study. Chronic diabetes problems were related to patients’ characteristics like age, occupation, diabetes treatment plan, anti-platelet, anti-dyslipidemia medicine, duration of diabetes, high Systolic BP, high Diastolic BP, and pill burden. To avoid complications from occurring, diabetes care professionals and stakeholders must collaborate to establish appropriate methods, especially for individuals who are more likely to experience diabetic complications.

CITATION EXPORT

Kalayou K. Berhe, Lilian T. Mselle, Haftu B. Gebru et al.. The magnitude of chronic diabetes complications and its associated factors among diabetic patients attending the general hospitals in Tigray region, Northern Ethiopia. PLOS ONE. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0290240

AUTHORS

7 · 3 CENTRES

Kalayou K. Berhe, Lilian T. Mselle, Haftu B. Gebru, Manal S. Fawzy, Manal S. Fawzy, Manal S. Fawzy, Manal S. Fawzy

1 School of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle City, Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia
2 Department of Clinical Nursing, School of Nursing, Muhimbli University of Health and Allied Sciences, (MUHAS), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Suez Canal University Faculty of Medicine, EGYPT

EDITOR / REVIEWER

Manal S. Fawzy