SEARCHCROSS-SECTIONALpulmonology, nutrition

cross-sectional·pulmonology, nutrition, clinical nutrition, internal medicine, epidemiology·PMC10840248

The triad of physiological challenges: investigating the intersection of sarcopenia, malnutrition, and malnutrition-sarcopenia syndrome in patients with COPD - a cross-sectional study

BMC Pulmonary Medicine · 4 authors, 2 centres

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TL;DR

This hospital-based cross-sectional study of 160 hospitalized COPD patients found high prevalences of sarcopenia (61.9%), malnutrition (45.6%), and malnutrition-sarcopenia syndrome (32.5%), all of which were significantly associated with prolonged hospital stay, readmission within 6 months, and higher COPD Assessment Test scores.

Full summary

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This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital between January and March 2023, enrolling 160 hospitalized COPD patients without acute exacerbation. Sarcopenia was diagnosed per EWGSOP2 criteria using bioimpedance for muscle mass and hand dynamometry for grip strength. Malnutrition risk was assessed via the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form and confirmed by GLIM criteria. COPD severity was measured using the CAT tool. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 61.9%, malnutrition 45.6%, and malnutrition-sarcopenia syndrome 32.5%.

STUDY TYPE

cross-sectional

SPECIALTY

pulmonology

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ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10840248

The triad of physiological challenges: investigating the intersection of sarcopenia, malnutrition, and malnutrition-sarcopenia syndrome in patients with COPD - a cross-sectional study

BMC Pulmonary Medicine

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ABSTRACT

Background One of the most prevalent respiratory disorders in modern society is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Frequent comorbidities in patients with COPD are abnormal nutritional status and body composition variations. Malnutrition-sarcopenia syndrome, which occurs when the 2 conditions – malnutrition and sarcopenia – coexist, raises the risk of death more than either condition alone. The current study sought to determine the prevalence of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and malnutrition-sarcopenia syndrome in patients with COPD as well as the association between these diseases and the severity of COPD. Methods The study was an analytical cross-sectional study conducted on hospitalized patients with COPD. The sample size of the study was calculated to be 160. A self-structured questionnaire was used to collect the data, containing sociodemographic characteristics, clinical profiles, anthropometric assessment, and bioimpedance indices. Sarcopenia was diagnosed with low muscle strength and muscle mass by the EWGSOP2 recommendations. Muscle mass is measured by BIA and muscle strength (Handgrip) was measured by a Hand Dynamometer. Assessment of the risk of malnutrition was performed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form questionnaire and was confirmed by GLIM criteria. The COPD assessment test (CAT) tool determined the severity of the condition. For the data analysis, comparisons were made using Student’s t test and Mann–Whitney test in bivariate analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed considering the outcomes of patients with COPD by CAT scores, prolonged length of stay, and hospital readmission 6 months after discharge. Results The mean age of the participants was 48 ± 5 years. Approximately 61.9% were found to be sarcopenic. Approximately 45.6% of participants had malnutrition. Malnutrition sarcopenia syndrome was diagnosed in 32.5% of patients. The study analysis revealed that patients with COPD with malnutrition-sarcopenia syndrome had more than twice the odds of prolonged hospital stay, re-admission within 6 months, and higher CAT scores. Conclusion The study revealed a high prevalence of sarcopenia, malnutrition, and malnutrition sarcopenia syndrome in patients with COPD. These conditions were found to be statistically significant with prolonged length of stay, re-admission within 6 months, and CAT scores. The findings highlight the importance of addressing these conditions as part of the management of the patients.

CITATION EXPORT

M. Yogesh, Jenish Patel, Naresh Makwana et al.. The triad of physiological challenges: investigating the intersection of sarcopenia, malnutrition, and malnutrition-sarcopenia syndrome in patients with COPD - a cross-sectional study. BMC Pulmonary Medicine. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-024-02884-3

AUTHORS

4 · 2 CENTRES

M. Yogesh, Jenish Patel, Naresh Makwana, Mansi Mody

1Department of Community Medicine, Shri M P Shah Government Medical College, Jamnagar, Gujarat India
2Shri M P Shah Government Medical College, Jamnagar, Gujarat 361008 India