SEARCHNARRATIVE_REVIEWophthalmology, cataract surgery

narrative_review·ophthalmology, cataract surgery, cornea, ocular immunology·PMC10841787

Toxic anterior segment syndrome (TASS): A review and update

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology · 5 authors, 2 centres

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TL;DR

Two retrospective studies each reported an incidence of 0.22%.

Full summary

245 CHARS

Two retrospective studies each reported an incidence of 0.22%. Clinical hallmarks include limbus-to-limbus corneal edema, anterior chamber reaction, and onset within 12–48 hours postoperatively, distinguishing it from infectious endophthalmitis.

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narrative_review

SPECIALTY

ophthalmology

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AI pipeline

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100% · A

ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10841787

Toxic anterior segment syndrome (TASS): A review and update

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology

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ABSTRACT

Abstract Toxic anterior segment syndrome (TASS) is an acute, sterile, postoperative inflammatory reaction of the anterior segment without vitreous involvement, following an uncomplicated and uneventful ocular surgery, having broad and multiple etiologies. The symptoms of decreased visual acuity and ocular discomfort generally occur within the first 12–48 h after intraocular surgery. The clinical signs include prominent limbus-to-limbus corneal edema, anterior chamber cells, aqueous flare, fibrinous inflammation, and/or keratic precipitates. There can be sight-threatening complications of TASS, such as permanent corneal decompensation, intractable glaucoma, and cystoid macular edema. The causes of TASS are emerging and being reported, so are the newer treatment options for managing the inflammation and its complications. Prevention guidelines for TASS are being updated, and a traceability system for surgical instruments and intraocular fluids used during the surgery is being perpetually developed. It is important to recognize TASS and start treatment on an immediate effect. Hereby, we review the literature on TASS, emphasizing its etiology, pathophysiology, management, prognosis, complications, and the importance of prevention as well as prompt recognition. Keywords: Anterior chamber inflammation, corticosteroids, intracameral solutions, postoperative inflammation, sterilization, toxic anterior segment syndrome (TASS)

CITATION EXPORT

Lalit Verma, Anu Malik, Prafulla K Maharana et al.. Toxic anterior segment syndrome (TASS): A review and update. Indian Journal of Ophthalmology. (2023). https://doi.org/10.4103/IJO.IJO_1796_23

AUTHORS

5 · 2 CENTRES

Lalit Verma, Anu Malik, Prafulla K Maharana, Tanuj Dada, Namrata Sharma

1Consultant Ophthalmologist, Vitreoretinal Services, Centre for Sight, Safdarjung Enclave, New Delhi, India
1Cornea and Refractive Surgery Services, Dr. R. P. Centre of Ophthalmic Sciences, AIIMS, New Delhi, India