SEARCHCOHORTcardiology, nutrition

cohort·cardiology, nutrition, epidemiology, clinical nutrition, observational study·PMC10122901

Unprocessed Red Meat and Processed Meat Consumption, Plasma Metabolome, and Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study of UK Biobank

Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease · 12 authors, 7 centres

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TL;DR

Both signatures were associated with an increased risk of incident ischemic heart disease (IHD).

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Metabolomic signatures for unprocessed red meat (157 metabolites) and processed meat (142 metabolites) were constructed using elastic net regression. Both signatures showed positive associations with incident IHD (HR per SD increment: 1.11 for red meat signature, 1.16 for processed meat signature). Mendelian randomization analyses suggested causal associations of the signatures with IHD risk. The study concludes that metabolomic signatures reflecting meat consumption are associated with increased IHD risk, illustrating potential biological mechanisms. Limitations include the use of 167 named metabolites, linear modeling, and reliance on a single dietary questionnaire.

STUDY TYPE

cohort

SPECIALTY

cardiology

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AI pipeline

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100% · A

ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10122901

Unprocessed Red Meat and Processed Meat Consumption, Plasma Metabolome, and Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study of UK Biobank

Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease

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ABSTRACT

Background The evidence is equivocal on the association between meat consumption and ischemic heart disease (IHD) risk. To what extent the variation of individuals' metabolic responses to the same diet may account for this association is not fully understood. We aim to identify metabolomic signatures characterizing consumption of unprocessed red meat and processed meat and whether such signatures are associated with IHD risk. Methods and Results We conducted a cohort study of 92 246 individuals (mean age, 56.1 years; 55.1% women) using the UK Biobank. During the median follow‐up of 8.74 years, 3059 incident IHD events were documented. Unprocessed red meat and processed meat consumption was assessed using a touchscreen dietary questionnaire. Plasma metabolome was profiled by high‐throughput nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to test the association of meat consumption with IHD. Genome‐wide association analysis and 1‐sample Mendelian randomization were performed for metabolomic signatures and causal association of signatures with IHD. Using elastic net regularized regressions, we constructed metabolomic signatures consisting of 157 and 142 metabolites for unprocessed red meat (Spearman correlation coefficient [ r ]=0.223) and processed meat ( r =0.329), respectively. These signatures showed positive associations with incident IHD (red meat related signature: hazard ratio [HR] per SD increment=1.11 [95% CI, 1.06–1.16], P <0.001; processed meat related signature: HR, 1.16 [95% CI, 1.11–1.21], P <0.001). Genome‐wide association studies identified 45 and 4 loci, involved in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism, for red and processed meat related signatures. Mendelian randomization showed that there were casual associations of signatures with risk of incident IHD. Conclusions We identify metabolomic signatures that reflect consumption of unprocessed red meat and processed meat, and these signatures are associated with an increased risk of IHD.

CITATION EXPORT

Xue Dong, Zhenhuang Zhuang, Yimin Zhao et al.. Unprocessed Red Meat and Processed Meat Consumption, Plasma Metabolome, and Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study of UK Biobank. Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.122.027934

AUTHORS

12 · 7 CENTRES

Xue Dong, Zhenhuang Zhuang, Yimin Zhao, Zimin Song, Wendi Xiao, Wenxiu Wang, Yueying Li, Ninghao Huang, Jinzhu Jia, Zhonghua Liu, Lu Qi, Tao Huang

1 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatics, School of Public Health Peking University Beijing China
2 Department of Biostatics, School of Public Health Peking University Beijing China
3 Department of Biostatics Columbia University New York NY
4 Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine Tulane University New Orleans LA
5 Department of Nutrition Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Boston MA
6 Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences (Peking University), Ministry of Education Beijing China
7 Center for Intelligent Public Health, Academy for Artificial Intelligence Peking University Beijing China