Using the New “Life’s Essential 8” Metrics to Evaluate Trends in Cardiovascular Health Among US Adults From 2005 to 2018: Analysis of Serial Cross-sectional Studies JMIR Public Health and Surveillance
Background The recently published “Life’s Essential 8” (LE8) by the American Heart Association has overcome some limitations in evaluating cardiovascular health (CVH) in the previous “Life’s Simple 7.” Objective We aimed to examine the secular trends in CVH, as assessed by the LE8, in US adults from 2005 to 2018. Methods Using cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2005-2006 and 2017-2018, we calculated the age-standardized mean scores of overall CVH and each of the LE8 components, where a higher score (range 0-100 points) means a better health status. A total of 21,667 adults aged 20-79 years were included in this analysis. Results The overall CVH did not significantly change between 2005-2006 and 2017-2018 (65.5, 95% CI 63.9-67.1 to 65.0, 95% CI 62.8-67.1; P =.82). The individual metrics did not significantly change for diet (41.0, 95% CI 38.0-43.9 to 41.5, 95% CI 36.5-46.6; P =.94), physical activity (57.5, 95% CI 53.0-61.9 to 53.0, 95% CI 48.7-57.3; P =.26), and blood pressure (68.4, 95% CI 65.2-71.5 to 68.6, 95% CI 65.3-71.9, P =.35), improved for nicotine exposure (64.7, 95% CI 61.1-68.4 to 71.9, 95% CI 67.7-76.2; P <.001), sleep health (83.7, 95% CI 81.6-85.7 to 84.1, 95% CI 81.2-87.1; P =.006), and blood lipids (61.6, 95% CI 59.1-64.0 to 67.0, 95% CI 63.5-70.4; P <.001), and worsened for BMI (63.4, 95% CI 59.7-67.1 to 56.2, 95% CI 52.5-59.9; P <.001) and blood glucose (83.9, 95% CI 82.4-85.4 to 77.4, 95% CI 74.5-80.3; P <.001). Conclusions According to the LE8, the overall CVH did not change among US adults from 2005 to 2018, as well as 3 components (diet, physical activity, and blood pressure). Other metrics such as nicotine exposure, blood lipids, and sleep health improved, while BMI and blood glucose deteriorated over time.
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Cheng Li, Yanzhi Li, Min Zhao et al.. Using the New “Life’s Essential 8” Metrics to Evaluate Trends in Cardiovascular Health Among US Adults From 2005 to 2018: Analysis of Serial Cross-sectional Studies. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance. (2023). https://doi.org/10.2196/45521 Cheng Li, Yanzhi Li, Min Zhao, Cheng Zhang, Pascal Bovet, Bo Xi
1
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Qilu Hospital
Cheeloo College of Medicine
Shandong University
Jinan
China 2
Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health
Sun Yat-sen University
Guangzhou
China 3
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine
Shandong University
Jinan
China 4
Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascu
Shandong University
Jinan
China 5
Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté)
University of Lausanne
Lausanne
Switzerland EDITOR / REVIEWER
Amaryllis Mavragani, Travis Sanchez, Catherine Paquet, Martin Anderson, Ketan Gupta, Yajun Chen
