SEARCHCROSS-SECTIONALepidemiology, nutrition

cross-sectional·epidemiology, nutrition, clinical nutrition, micronutrients, vitamins·PMC10013235

Vitamin D status, including serum levels and sun exposure are associated or correlated with bone mass measurements diagnosis, and bone density of the spine

BMC Nutrition · 3 authors, 5 centres

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TL;DR

BMD was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.

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BMD was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Results showed a significant protective association between sun exposure and spine BMD classification (OR=0.69, 95%CI: 0.50–0.94) and BMD diagnosis (OR=0.69, 95%CI: 0.49–0.87). Significant moderate correlations were found between serum 25(OH)D levels and spine BMD (r=0.302), spine T-score (r=0.322), and spine Z-score (r=0.328). No significant correlation was found between vitamin D intake and BMD.

STUDY TYPE

cross-sectional

SPECIALTY

epidemiology

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ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10013235

Vitamin D status, including serum levels and sun exposure are associated or correlated with bone mass measurements diagnosis, and bone density of the spine

BMC Nutrition

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ABSTRACT

Background Osteoporosis is a health complication worldwide, especially in developing countries. The prevalence was reported to be 18.3% globally. While the effect of biochemical factors on fracture risk/odds has been documented, the association/correlation between serum 25(OH)D levels, vitamin D dietary intake, and sun exposure with bone mineral density (BMD) remains controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the association and correlation between vitamin D status, including serum levels, dietary intakes, and sun exposure with BMD. We hypothesized that vitamin D-related factors would have different correlations/associations with BMD, which would help better evaluate future studies’ results. Methods A total of 186 individuals were included in this study (winter 2020). BMD was measured by Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Blood serum levels of 25(OH)D, phosphorus, calcium, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and calcitonin were tested using standard lab tests. Valid and reliable questionnaires were used for sun exposure assessment and dietary intakes. Results There was a significant protective association between spine BMD (classifications, two groups) (OR = 0.69, 95%CI: 0.50–0.94; p-value = 0.023), BMD diagnosis (classifications, two groups) (OR = 0. 69, 95%CI: 0.49–0.87; p-value = 0.036) and sun exposure. There was a significant and moderate correlation between Spine measurements (Spine BMD: Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.302, p-value = 0.046; Spine T-score: Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.322, p-value = 0.033, Spine Z-score: Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.328, p-value = 0.030) and serum 25(OH)D. In addition, participants with osteopenia and osteoporosis significantly consume a higher amount of soluble fiber than the normal BMD group. There was no significant correlation between vitamin D intake and BMD. Conclusion In conclusion, serum 25(OH)D levels and sun exposure are correlated and associated with BMD. However, prospective studies are needed to investigate the association between dietary vitamin D intake and BMD.

CITATION EXPORT

Adeleh khodabakhshi, Sayed Hossein Davoodi, Farhad Vahid. Vitamin D status, including serum levels and sun exposure are associated or correlated with bone mass measurements diagnosis, and bone density of the spine. BMC Nutrition. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40795-023-00707-y

AUTHORS

3 · 5 CENTRES

Adeleh khodabakhshi, Sayed Hossein Davoodi, Farhad Vahid

1grid.412105.30000 0001 2092 9755Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
2grid.412105.30000 0001 2092 9755Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
3grid.411600.2Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4grid.451012.30000 0004 0621 531XNutrition and Health Research Group, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
5grid.468130.80000 0001 1218 604XNutrition and Health Research Group, School of Health, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran