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Withania somnifera L.: Phenolic Compounds Composition and Biological Activity of Commercial Samples and Its Aqueous and Hydromethanolic Extracts

Antioxidants · 7 authors, 4 centres

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Central results showed significant variability in chemical and bioactive properties among samples, linked to differences in raw material origin, plant part, and extraction method.

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Central results showed significant variability in chemical and bioactive properties among samples, linked to differences in raw material origin, plant part, and extraction method. Aqueous extracts were richer in polyphenols like catechin and quercetin and exhibited higher antioxidant (e.g., DPPH) and antibacterial activity.

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ORIGINAL PAPER

PMC10045402

Withania somnifera L.: Phenolic Compounds Composition and Biological Activity of Commercial Samples and Its Aqueous and Hydromethanolic Extracts

Antioxidants

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ABSTRACT

Abstract In the present study, the chemical composition and bioactive properties of commercially available Withania somnifera samples were evaluated. The hydromethanolic and aqueous extracts of the tested samples were analyzed in terms of phenolic compound composition, ascorbic acid content, antioxidant and antibacterial activity, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activities. Polyphenols and ascorbic acid content, as well as the antioxidant activity, were higher in the aqueous extracts than in the hydromethanolic extracts. Generally, aqueous extracts presented higher antioxidant activity than the hydromethanolic ones, especially in the case of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Moreover, higher amounts of phenolic acids and flavonoids were found in the hydromethanolic extracts compared to the aqueous ones. Regarding the antibacterial properties, samples 4, 6, and 10 showed the best overall performance with growth-inhibitory activities against all the examined bacteria strains. Finally, the aqueous and hydromethanolic extracts were the most efficient extracts in terms of AChE and BChE inhibitory activities, respectively. In conclusion, our results indicate that W. somnifera possesses important bioactive properties which could be attributed to the high amounts of phenolic compounds. However, a great variability was recorded in commercially available products, suggesting significant differences in the origin of product and the processing method. Keywords: winter cherry, ashwagandha, phenolic profile, antioxidant capacity, antimicrobial activity, bioactive compounds, Solanaceae, gooseberry

CITATION EXPORT

Milena Polumackanycz, Spyridon A Petropoulos, Tomasz Śledziński et al.. Withania somnifera L.: Phenolic Compounds Composition and Biological Activity of Commercial Samples and Its Aqueous and Hydromethanolic Extracts. Antioxidants. (2023). https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12030550

AUTHORS

7 · 4 CENTRES

Milena Polumackanycz, Spyridon A Petropoulos, Tomasz Śledziński, Elżbieta Goyke, Agnieszka Konopacka, Alina Plenis, Agnieszka Viapiana

1Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland
2Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Fytokou Street, 38446 Volos, Greece
3Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
4Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-416 Gdansk, Poland